Li-Gears tsa Truck tsa Mixer
Literaka tse kopanyang, tse tsejoang hape e le li-mixer tsa konkreite kapa tsa samente, hangata li na le likarolo tse 'maloa tsa bohlokoa le likere tse bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea tsona. Lisebelisoa tsena li thusa ho kopanya le ho tsamaisa konkreite ka katleho. Mona ke tse ling tsa likere tsa mantlha tse sebelisoang literakeng tsa mixer:
- Ho Kopanya Drum:Ena ke karolo ea mantlha ea teraka ea mixer. E potoloha e sa khaotse nakong ea ho tsamaea ho boloka motsoako oa konkreite hore o se ke oa thatafala. Potoloho e tsamaisoa ke li-hydraulic motors kapa ka linako tse ling ke enjene ea teraka ka mokhoa oa ho tlosa matla (PTO).
- Sistimi ea Hydraulic:Literaka tsa li-mixer li sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa hydraulic ho matlafatsa mesebetsi e fapa-fapaneng, ho kenyelletsa ho potoloha ha moropa o kopanyang, ts'ebetso ea chute ea ho ntša metsi, le ho phahamisa kapa ho theola moqomo oa ho kopanya bakeng sa ho laela le ho laolla. Lipompo tsa Hydraulic, li-motor, li-cylinders le li-valve ke likarolo tsa bohlokoa tsa sistimi ena.
- Phetiso:Tsamaiso ea phetisetso e ikarabella bakeng sa ho fetisetsa matla ho tloha enjeneng ho ea ho mabili. Hangata literaka tsa li-mixer li na le li-transmissions tse boima tse etselitsoeng ho sebetsana le mojaro le ho fana ka torque e hlokahalang bakeng sa ho tsamaisa koloi, haholo-holo ha e laetse konkreite.
- Enjine:Literaka tse kopanyang li na le lienjine tse matla ho fana ka matla a hlokahalang a lipere bakeng sa ho tsamaisa meroalo e boima le ho tsamaisa lits'ebetso tsa hydraulic. Hangata lienjineri tsena li sebelisa diesel bakeng sa torque ea tsona le ho sebetsa hantle ha mafura.
- Phapang:Kopano ea lisebelisoa tse fapaneng e lumella mabili hore a potolohe ka lebelo le fapaneng ha a ntse a thinya likhutlo. Sena se bohlokoa bakeng sa ho boloka botsitso le ho thibela ho roala ha mabili ka har'a literaka tse kopanyang, haholo-holo ha u tsamaea libakeng tse patisaneng kapa libakeng tse sa tšoaneng.
- Drivetrain:Likarolo tsa drivetrain, ho kenyeletsoa li-axle, li-driveshafts, le liphapang, li sebetsa 'moho ho fetisetsa matla ho tloha enjeneng ho ea mabiling. Ka literaka tsa mixer, likarolo tsena li hahiloe ho mamella meroalo e boima le ho fana ka ts'ebetso e tšepahalang.
- Tanka ea Metsi le Pompo:Literaka tse ngata tsa li-mixer li na le tanka ea metsi le tsamaiso ea pompo bakeng sa ho eketsa metsi motsoako oa konkreite nakong ea ho kopanya kapa ho hloekisa moqomo oa motsoako ka mor'a tšebeliso. Pompo ea metsi hangata e tsamaisoa ke hydraulic kapa motor motor.
Li-gears le likaroloana tsena li sebetsa 'moho ho netefatsa hore literaka tse kopanyang li khona ho kopanya, ho tsamaisa le ho qhala konkreite libakeng tsa kaho. Tlhokomelo le tlhahlobo ea kamehla ea likere tsena ke tsa bohlokoa ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e bolokehileng le e sebetsang hantle.
Lisebelisoa tsa Semela sa Konkreite tse Batching
Semela sa ho kopanya konkreite, se tsejoang hape e le semela sa ho kopanya konkreite kapa semela sa ho kopanya konkreite, ke setsi se kopanyang metsoako e fapaneng ho etsa konkreite. Limela tsena li sebelisoa mererong e meholo ea kaho moo ho hlokahalang phepelo e tsoelang pele ea konkreite ea boleng bo holimo. Mona ke likarolo tsa bohlokoa le lits'ebetso tse amehang semela se tloaelehileng sa ho kopanya konkreite:
- Aggregate Bins:Meqomo ena e boloka mefuta e fapaneng ea li-aggregate tse kang lehlabathe, lehlohlojane le majoe a pshatlehileng. Li-aggregate li arotsoe ho ipapisitsoe le moralo o hlokahalang oa motsoako ebe li lahleloa holim'a lebanta la conveyor bakeng sa ho isoa ho yuniti e kopanyang.
- Lebanta la Conveyor:Lebanta la conveyor le tsamaisa li-aggregate ho tloha meqomong e kopaneng ho ea ho motsoako oa motsoako. E netefatsa phepelo e tsoelang pele ea li-aggregates bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea ho kopanya.
- Lithako tsa samente:Samente ea polokelo ea lisila tsa samente ka bongata. Samente hangata e bolokoa ka har'a silos e nang le moea le tsamaiso ea taolo ho boloka boleng ba samente. Samente e ntšoa ka har'a silos ka li-conveyors tsa pneumatic kapa screw.
- Polokelo ea Metsi le Litanka tsa Tlatsetso:Metsi ke motsoako oa bohlokoa tlhahisong ea konkreite. Limela tsa ho kopanya ka konkreite li na le litanka tsa polokelo ea metsi ho netefatsa phepelo e tsoelang pele ea metsi bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea ho kopanya. Ho feta moo, litanka tsa tlatsetso li ka kenyelletsoa ho boloka le ho fana ka li-admixtures, li-coloring agents, kapa likhoele.
- Thepa ea Batching:Thepa ea ho kopanya, joalo ka lihopo tse bekhang, likala, le limithara, li metha ka nepo le ho fana ka metsoako ka har'a yuniti ea ho kopanya ho latela moralo o boletsoeng oa motsoako. Limela tsa sejoale-joale tsa ho kopanya hangata li sebelisa litsamaiso tsa taolo tsa komporo ho iketsetsa ts'ebetso ena le ho netefatsa ho nepahala.
- Motsoako Yuniti:Sehlopha sa ho kopanya, se tsejoang hape e le mixer, ke moo metsoako e fapaneng e kopanngoang ho etsa konkreite. Motsoako e ka ba motsoako oa meropa o emeng, motsoako oa mafahla, kapa motsoako oa lipolanete, ho latela moralo le bokhoni ba semela. Ts'ebetso ea ho kopanya e tiisa ho tsoakoa ka botlalo ha li-aggregates, samente, metsi le li-additives ho hlahisa motsoako oa konkreite o tšoanang.
- Sistimi ea Taolo:Sistimi ea taolo e hlokomela le ho laola ts'ebetso eohle ea ho kopanya. E hlokomela likarolo tsa metsoako, e laola ts'ebetso ea li-conveyors le li-mixer, 'me e netefatsa ho tsitsisa le boleng ba konkreite e hlahisoang. Limela tsa sejoale-joale tsa ho kopanya hangata li na le litsamaiso tse tsoetseng pele tsa taolo ea komporo bakeng sa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng le e nepahetseng.
- Batch Plant Control Room: Mona ke moo li-operators li behang leihlo le ho laola mokhoa oa ho kopanya. Hangata e na le sebopeho sa sistimi ea taolo, lisebelisoa tsa ho beha leihlo, le li-consoles tsa opareitara.
Limela tsa konkreite li tla ka litlhophiso le bokhoni bo fapaneng ho lumellana le litlhoko tse fapaneng tsa projeke. Ba phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho netefatsa phepelo e nakong ea konkreite ea boleng bo holimo bakeng sa merero ea kaho, ho tloha ho meaho ea bolulo ho isa ho ntlafatso ea libopeho tse kholo. Ts'ebetso e nepahetseng le tlhokomelo ea limela tsa ho kopanya li bohlokoa ho netefatsa tlhahiso e tsitsitseng ea konkreite le katleho ea morero.
Li-Gears tsa Excavators
Li-excavator ke mechini e rarahaneng e etselitsoeng ho cheka, ho heletsa, le mesebetsi e meng ea ho sisinya lefatše. Ba sebelisa likere tse fapaneng le likarolo tsa mochini ho fihlela ts'ebetso ea bona. Mona ke tse ling tsa likere tsa bohlokoa le likarolo tse fumanehang hangata ho baepolli ba lintho tsa khale:
- Sistimi ea Hydraulic:Li-excavators li itšetlehile haholo ka lisebelisoa tsa hydraulic ho matlafatsa motsamao oa tsona le lihokelo. Lipompo, li-motor, li-cylinders le li-valve tsa hydraulic li laola ho sebetsa ha mochine oa ho epa, letsoho, bakete le lintho tse ling.
- Swing Gear:Thepa ea ho swing, e tsejoang hape e le selikalikoe se bolailoeng kapa swing bearing, ke selikalikoe se seholo se lumellang sebopeho se kaholimo sa moepo ho potoloha likhato tse 360 ka tlas'a koloi. E khannoa ke li-motors tsa hydraulic 'me e lumella motho ea sebetsang ho beha mochine oa ho cheka kapa oa ho lahla thepa ka tsela leha e le efe.
- Track Drive:Hangata li-excavators li na le lipina ho e-na le mabili a tsamaeang. Sistimi ea ho khanna lipina e kenyelletsa li-sprockets, lipina, li-idler le li-roller. Li-sprockets li kopanela le litsela, 'me li-hydraulic motors li khanna litsela, li lumella moepolli hore a tsamaee holim'a libaka tse sa tšoaneng.
- Phetiso:Baepolli ba ka 'na ba e-na le tsamaiso ea phetisetso e fetisang matla ho tloha enjeneng ho ea ho lipompo tsa hydraulic le li-motors. Phetiso e netefatsa phepelo ea matla a boreleli le ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea sistimi ea hydraulic.
- Enjine:Li-excavator li tsamaisoa ke lienjine tsa diesel, tse fanang ka matla a hlokahalang a lipere ho tsamaisa sistimi ea hydraulic, track drive, le likarolo tse ling. Enjene e ka 'na ea e-ba ka morao kapa ka pele ho mochine oa ho epa, ho itšetlehile ka mohlala.
- Cab le Controls:Cab ea opareitara ke eona e bolokang litaolo le lisebelisoa tsa ho sebetsa mochini oa ho epa. Li-gear tse kang li-joystick, pedals, le li-switches li lumella motho ea sebetsang ho laola motsamao oa boom, letsoho, bakete le mesebetsi e meng.
- Bakete le li-Attachments:Baepolli ba ka 'na ba e-na le mefuta e fapa-fapaneng ea liemere le boholo ba libakete bakeng sa ho chekoa, hammoho le li-attachments tse kang li-grapples, lihamore tsa hydraulic, le menoana ea matsoho bakeng sa mesebetsi e khethehileng. Li-couplers tse potlakileng kapa li-hydraulic system li lumella ho hokelloa habonolo le ho thijoa ha lisebelisoa tsena.
- Likarolo tsa Undercarriage:Ntle le sistimi ea ho khanna pina, baepolli ba na le likarolo tsa undercarriage joalo ka li-tensioners tsa pina, liforeimi tsa pina le lieta tsa pina. Likarolo tsena li tšehetsa boima ba moepolli le ho fana ka botsitso nakong ea ts'ebetso.
Likarolo tsena tsa likere le likaroloana li sebetsa 'moho ho nolofalletsa moepolli ho etsa mesebetsi e mengata e mengata ka katleho le ka katleho. Tlhokomelo le tlhahlobo ea kamehla li bohlokoa ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng le bophelo bo bolelele ba baepolli ba lintho tse epollang libakeng tse hlokang mosebetsi.
Tower Crane Gears
Li-cranes tsa tower ke mechini e rarahaneng e sebelisoang haholo kahong ea meaho le meaho e melelele. Le hoja ba sa sebelise likere tsa setso ka tsela e tšoanang le ea likoloi tsa likoloi kapa mechine ea indasteri, ba itšetlehile ka mekhoa le likarolo tse fapaneng ho sebetsa ka katleho. Mona ke lintlha tsa bohlokoa tse amanang le ts'ebetso ea li-cranes tsa tora:
- Lisebelisoa tsa Slewing:Li-cranes tsa tower li behiloe tora e emeng, 'me li ka potoloha (li bolailoe) ka ho rapama ho fihlella libaka tse fapaneng tsa setša sa kaho. Sehlahisoa sa ho hlaba se na le lisebelisoa tse kholo tsa selikalikoe le lisebelisoa tsa pinion tse tsamaisoang ke enjene. Sistimi ena ea lisebelisoa e lumella crane ho potoloha hantle le ka nepo.
- Hoisting Mechanism:Li-cranes tsa tower li na le mochini o phahamisang le ho theola meroalo e boima ka thapo ea terata le moropa oa ho phahamisa. Le hoja e se li-gears tse thata, likarolo tsena li sebetsa hammoho ho phahamisa le ho theola mojaro. Mochini oa ho phahamisa o ka kenyelletsa lebokose la gear ho laola lebelo le torque ea ts'ebetso ea ho phahamisa.
- Mokhoa oa Trolley:Hangata li-cranes tsa tower li na le mochini oa teroli o tsamaisang mojaro o otlolohile ho bapa le jib (boom e otlolohileng). Hangata mochine ona o na le mochine oa trolley le mochine oa gear o lumellang mojaro hore o behoe ka nepo ho latela jib.
- Li-counterweights:Ho boloka botsitso le botsitso ha o ntse o phahamisa meroalo e boima, li-crane tsa tora li sebelisa li-counterweights. Hangata tsena li behoa holim'a counter-jib e arohaneng 'me li ka fetoloa ha ho hlokahala. Leha e se likere ka botsona, li-counterweights li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ts'ebetsong ea kakaretso ea crane.
- Sistimi ea Braking:Li-cranes tsa tower li na le li-braking system ho laola motsamao oa mojaro le ho potoloha ha crane. Litsamaiso tsena hangata li kenyelletsa mekhoa e mengata ea mariki, joalo ka li-disk brakes kapa li-drum brakes, tse ka tsamaisoang ka metsi kapa ka mochini.
- Sistimi ea Taolo:Li-cranes tsa tower li sebetsoa ho tsoa terakeng e haufi le tora e kaholimo. Sistimi ea taolo e kenyelletsa li-joystick, likonopo le lihokelo tse ling tse lumellang opareitara ho laola metsamao le mesebetsi ea crane. Leha e se likere, litsamaiso tsena tsa taolo li bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso e bolokehileng le e sebetsang ea crane.
Le ha li-crane tsa tora li sa sebelise likere tsa setso ka mokhoa o ts'oanang le mefuta e meng ea mechini, li itšetlehile ka lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa lisebelisoa, lisebelisoa le likaroloana ho etsa mesebetsi ea tsona ea ho phahamisa le ho e beha ka nepo le ka polokeho.
Lisebelisoa tse ling tsa Kaho moo Belon Gears
