Lisebelisoa tsa Enjine
Lienjineri tsa likoloi li sebelisa mefuta e mengata ea likere ho etsa mesebetsi e fapaneng.Li-gear tsena li thusa ho sebetsa hantle ha enjene le likarolo tsa eona.Mona ke mefuta e meng e tloaelehileng ea likere tse sebelisoang lienjineng tsa likoloi:
Li-Gears tsa Nako: Lisebelisoa tsa nako li sebelisetsoa ho hokahanya ho bula le ho koala li-valve tsa enjene ka motsamao oa lipiston.Li etsa bonnete ba hore li-valve li bula le ho koala ka nako e nepahetseng, e leng se lumellang ho chesa hantle le ho sebetsa ha enjene.
Lisebelisoa tsa Crankshaft: Li-gear tsa Crankshaft li sebelisetsoa ho fetisetsa matla ho tloha ho li-piston ho ea ho crankshaft, e fetolang motsamao oa lipiston hore e be motsamao o potolohang.Mokhoa ona oa ho potoloha o sebelisoa ho khanna likarolo tse ling tsa enjene le lisebelisoa.
Lisebelisoa tsa Camshaft: Li-gear tsa Camshaft li sebelisetsoa ho khanna camshaft, e laolang ho bula le ho koala li-valve tsa enjene.Lisebelisoa tsa camshaft li netefatsa hore camshaft e potoloha ka lebelo le nepahetseng le amanang le crankshaft.
Lisebelisoa tsa Pompo ea Oli: Lisebelisoa tsa pompo ea oli li sebelisetsoa ho pompa oli ho tloha pan ea oli ho ea likarolong tsa enjene, joalo ka li-bearings le camshaft, ho li tlotsa le ho fokotsa khohlano.Lubrication e nepahetseng e bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso e bonolo le bophelo bo bolelele ba enjene.
Ho leka-lekanya Shaft Gears: Lienjine tse ling li sebelisa li-balance shafts ho fokotsa ho thothomela.Li-balance shaft gear li sebelisoa ho khanna li-balance shafts, ho etsa bonnete ba hore li potoloha ka lebelo le nepahetseng le mohato o amanang le crankshaft.
Lisebelisoa tsa Drive Gears: Lisebelisoa tsa ho khanna li sebelisetsoa ho khanna likarolo tse kang pompo ea metsi, pompo e tsamaisang matla, le alternator.Li-gears tsena li netefatsa hore likarolo tsena li sebetsa ka lebelo le nepahetseng ho latela lebelo la enjene le koloi.
Lisebelisoa tsa phetiso
Tlisebelisuoa tsa ransmission ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea tsamaiso ea koloi, e ikarabellang bakeng sa ho fetisetsa matla ho tloha enjeneng ho ea mabiling ka lebelo le litorque tse fapaneng.Mefuta ea mantlha ea li-gear tse fumanehang ka har'a likoloi ke ena:
Li-Gears tsa Phetiso ea Manual: Ka phetiso ea letsoho, mokhanni o ikhethela likere ka letsoho a sebelisa sesebelisoa sa gear le clutch.Lisebelisoa tsa mantlha tsa phetisetso ea letsoho li kenyelletsa:
First Gear (Low Gear): E fana ka torque e phahameng bakeng sa ho qala koloi ho tloha moo e emang teng.
Second Gear: E sebelisoa bakeng sa lebelo le itekanetseng le ho potlakisa.
Third Gear: E sebelisetsoa ho tsamaea ka sekepe ka lebelo le mahareng.
Fourth Gear (Overdrive): E sebedisetswa ho tsamaya ka lebelo le phahameng, moo lebelo la enjene le leng tlase ho lebelo la koloi.
Fifth Gear (Overdrive): Li-transmission tse ling li na le gear ea bohlano bakeng sa ho tsamaea ka lebelo le holimo.
Li-Gears tsa Phetiso e Ikemetseng: Phetisong ea othomathiki, sistimi ea phetisetso e ikhethela likere ho latela lebelo la koloi, boima ba enjene le lintlha tse ling.Likarolo tsa mantlha tsa phetiso ea othomathike li kenyelletsa:
Park (P): E notlela phetiso ho thibela koloi ho tsamaea.
Reverse (R): E kenya lisebelisoa ho lumella koloi ho khutlela morao.
E sa nke lehlakore (N): E tlosa likere, e lumella enjene hore e sebetse ntle le ho khanna mabili.
Khanna (D): E sebelisa likere tsa ho ea pele.Li-transmission tse ling li boetse li na le likere tse eketsehileng bakeng sa lebelo le fapaneng.
Phetiso e sa fetoheng e sa khaotseng (CVT): CVT e sebelisa tsamaiso ea li-pulleys le mabanta ho fana ka palo e sa lekanyetsoang ea li-gear ratios, ho e-na le lisebelisoa tsa discrete.Sena se lumella ho potlakisa hamonate le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea mafura.
Phetiso ea Dual-Clutch (DCT): DCT e kopanya katleho ea phetisetso ea matsoho le boiketlo ba li-transmission tsa othomathiki.E sebelisa li-clutch tse peli tse arohaneng bakeng sa likere tse sa tloaelehang, tse lumellang hore ho be le li-gear tse potlakileng le tse boreleli.
Lisebelisoa tsa motlakase li bohlokoa bakeng sa ho laola lebelo le torque ea koloi, 'me mofuta oa lisebelisoa tsa motlakase o sebelisoang o ka ama ts'ebetso ea koloi haholo, ho sebetsa hantle ha mafura le boiphihlelo ba ho khanna.
Lisebelisoa tsa ho tsamaisa
Setereke sa koloi se sebelisa mefuta e 'maloa ea likere ho fetolela motsamao o potolohang oa lebili la setereng hore e be motsamao oa mola o hlokahalang ho fetola mabili.Mona ke mefuta ea mantlha ea likere tse sebelisoang tsamaisong ea ho tsamaisa:
Worm le Sector Gear: Ena ke mofuta o tloaelehileng oa lisebelisoa tse sebelisoang tsamaisong ea tsamaiso.Lebili la setereng le hokahantsoe le shaft e nang le gear ea liboko, e hokahaneng le seteraeke sa seterata.Ha lebili la setereng le ntse le reteleha, lisebelisoa tsa seboko lia potoloha, ho etsa hore lisebelisoa tsa lekala le seteraeke li tsamaee, li fetola mabili.
Rack le Pinion: Tsamaisong ena, lebili la setereng le hokahane le gear ea pinion, e nang le marang-rang a nang le rack e kopantsoeng le khokahanyo ea ho tsamaisa.Ha lebili la setereng le ntse le phethoha, lisebelisoa tsa pinion lia potoloha, li tsamaisa lisebelisoa tsa rack le ho phethola mabili.Sistimi ea li-rack le pinion li ratoa ka lebaka la bonolo le karabelo ea tsona.
Recirculating Ball: Sistimi ena e sebelisa mochini oa bolo o potolohang hape ho fetolela motsamao o potolohang oa lebili la setere hore e be motsamao oa mola o hlokahalang ho fetola mabili.Sesebelisoa sa sebōkō se potoloha letoto la libolo tse potolohang, tse tsamaisang nate e hokahantsoeng le khokahanyo ea setere, e fetola mabili.
Gearbox ea ho tsamaisa: Lebokose la li-steering ke karolo e bolokang likere tse sebelisoang tsamaisong ea ho tsamaisa.Hangata e hoketsoe ho chassis ea koloi 'me e na le likere tse hlokahalang ho fetolela motsamao o potolohang oa lebidi la setere hore e be motsamao o hlokahalang ho fetola mabili.
Ena ke mefuta e meholo ea likere tse sebelisoang tsamaisong ea ho tsamaisa.Mofuta oa mochini oa lisebelisoa o ka fapana ho ea ka sebopeho sa koloi le maikutlo a lakatsehang a seteraeke.Ho sa tsotellehe hore na ke tsa mofuta ofe, likere tse seterekeng li phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho lumella mokhanni ho laola tsela eo koloi e eang ka eona.
Lisebelisoa tse fapaneng
Lisebelisuoa tse fapaneng ke karolo ea bohlokoa tseleng ea koloi, haholo-holo likoloing tse nang le mabili a ka morao kapa a mabili ohle.E lumella mabili a koloi ho potoloha ka lebelo le fapaneng ha a ntse a fetisetsa matla ho tloha enjeneng ho ea mabiling.Mona ke kamoo lisebelisoa tse fapaneng li sebetsang kateng le hore na ke hobane'ng ha li le bohlokoa:
Kamoo e sebetsang kateng:
Kenyelletso ea Matla: Phapang e fumana matla ho tsoa ho phetisetso kapa nyeoe ea phetisetso, hangata ka driveshaft.
Ho Arola Matla: Phapang e arola matla a tsoang ho driveshaft ho liphetho tse peli, e le 'ngoe bakeng sa lebili le leng le le leng la koloi.
Ho Lumella Mabelo a Fapaneng: Ha koloi e phethoha, lebili le ka ntle le tsamaea sebaka se selelele ho feta lebili le ka hare.Phapang e lumella mabili ho potoloha ka lebelo le fapaneng ho amohela phapang ena.
Equalizing Torque: Phapang e boetse e thusa ho lekanya torque e kentsoeng lebiling le leng le le leng, ho netefatsa hore mabili ka bobeli a fumana matla a lekaneng ho boloka ho ts'oara.
Bohlokoa ba Lisebelisoa tse fapaneng:
Cornering: Ntle le phapang, mabili a ne a tla qobelloa ho potoloha ka lebelo le tšoanang, ho etsa hore ho be thata ho pitikoa.Phapang e lumella mabili hore a potolohe ka lebelo le fapaneng nakong ea ho chenchana, ho ntlafatsa ho tsamaisoa.
Traction: Phapang e thusa ho boloka ho ts'oara ka ho lumella mabili ho fetola lebelo la 'ona ho latela sebaka.Sena ke sa bohlokoa haholo-holo maemong a seng tseleng kapa moo ho thellang.
Nako e telele ea Wheel: Ka ho lumella mabili hore a potolohe ka lebelo le fapaneng, phapang e fokotsa khatello ea maikutlo holim'a lithaere le likarolo tse ling tsa drivetrain, tse ka eketsang nako ea tsona ea bophelo.
Ts'ebetso e Boreleli: Phapang e sebetsang hantle e thusa ho etsa bonnete ba hore o fana ka matla a boreleli le a tsitsitseng ho mabili, ho ntlafatsa boiphihlelo ba ho khanna ka kakaretso.
Ka kakaretso, lisebelisoa tse fapaneng ke karolo ea bohlokoa tseleng ea koloi, e lumellang hore ho phethohe hantle, ho ntlafale ho ts'oara, le ho fokotsoa ha mabili le likarolo tsa drivetrain.
Lisebelisoa tse ling tsa Temo moo Belon Gears
